Lower eyelid blepharoplasty: description of the procedure, contraindications



Thin eyelid skin gives in to age changes faster. Wrinkles, bags under the eyes appear in varying degrees of severity in men and women after 45 years. In rare cases, due to a general health condition or hereditary predisposition, such a problem may occur earlier. When creams, cosmetics, compresses no longer help to hide the problem, it is worth consulting your doctor about more radical methods. This problem is easily solved by blepharoplasty of the lower eyelids.

Eyelid correction is one of the most popular facial rejuvenation procedures. After blepharoplasty, the eyelid skin looks younger: wrinkles, eye bags, overhanging skin disappear.

Eyelid surgery is performed on different zones depending on the task that the surgeon needs to solve:

• tighten the upper eyelid;
• remove bags, hernia;
• change the shape of the eyes;
• tighten the mobile and immobile eyelids together.

The main purpose of blepharoplasty of the lower eyelids is to create a smooth contour between the periorbital zone and the cheek. Smoothness may be impaired due to overhanging of the skin or dips, depressions of the lower eyelid. Often in the clinic of plastic surgery are addressed on the elimination of age hernia, which forms a bag under the eye.

There are three degrees of defect:

1. in the lower eyelid, small grooves are visible, but the outlines of the hernia are visible only when the person is looking upwards;
2. when looking up the hernia is clearly visible, the skin is slightly delayed;
3. hernia is visible at any position of the eyes, the skin sags, folds form on it.

With blepharoplasty, a hernia can be eliminated at any stage. But before contacting a plastic surgeon, it is worth undergoing medical examination. The cause of such formations can be kidney disease, thyroid, allergies.

The technique of blepharoplasty of the lower eyelids is selected based on the specific defect that needs to be fixed. If the patient has a hernia, bags under the eyes of the doctor performs an operation using the transconjunctival method. This technique involves cuts on the inside of the eyelids. In the case when it is necessary to remove sagging skin, an incision is made on the outside of the eyelids in the area of ​​the growth of eyelashes. A sunken prior orbital zone (dark circles) is filled with fatty tissue.

A surgery on the eyelids has contraindications:



• malignant tumors;
• bleeding disorders;
• any infectious diseases;
• diabetes;
• diseases of the cardiovascular system;
• chronic diseases in the acute stage;
• eye diseases: barley, xerosis of the eyes, blepharitis and others;
• hepatitis;
• HIV infection.

Lower conjunctival blepharoplasty: features of the operation

Lower transconjunctival blepharoplasty is aimed at correcting defects of the fixed eyelid that are not associated with changes in the skin. That is, with such an operation, the extra skin is not removed and the eyelid is not tightened.

But despite this, it has undeniable advantages:

• invisible stitches;
• low risk of complications;
• the shape of the eyes remains the same, and facial expressions are not disturbed;
• easier access to adipose tissue, and therefore the operation is faster;
• the recovery period is easier than with the classical operation.

The disadvantages of the operation include the limited use (not done on the upper eyelids, does not remove excess skin) and eye irritation from the seams in the postoperative period.

Indications for blepharoplasty of the lower eyelids with a slit on the conjunctiva:

• unaesthetic appearance of the eyelids;
• bags under the eyes;
• hernia;
• deep tear grooves.

зоны. With this method of operation, the fatty tissue that forms the bags is either removed or redistributed into voids, dips in the periorbital zone.

Types blepharoplasty lower eyelid technique:

1. Traditional: tissue incisions are made with a scalpel.
2. Laser : a surgeon makes tissue incisions with a laser beam.

Before the procedure, the patient is examined by a general practitioner and an oculist to rule out contraindications. Mandatory condition - blood and urine tests. Blood sampling is carried out for biochemical analysis, determination of blood clotting, exclusion of hepatitis and HIV infection.

How is the lower transconjunctival blepharoplasty:

• The doctor prepares the patient for surgery with anesthetics. According to indications, both local and general anesthesia can be used.
• The eyelids are treated with antiseptic agents and are divorced to the side with a special tool.
• The surgeon makes small incisions on the conjunctiva a few millimeters from the eyelashes. Then separates the circular muscle and orbital septum. зоны. In the orbital septum removes excess fat or redistributes it to other parts of the periorbital zone. To achieve a smooth transitional contour, the fat is placed in the infraorbital region, with nasolacrimal and vecanoe grooves. In some cases, fixing adipose tissue with sutures is required. After correction, the doctor sews the incision area with self-absorbing threads. The procedure ends with a cooling bandage.

The average duration of the procedure is from 30 minutes to 1 hour. After surgery with local anesthesia, the patient can go home after 2-3 hours. If general anesthesia was used, you will have to stay 8-10 hours longer.

The recovery period after transconjunctival blepharoplasty of the lower eyelids is characterized by soreness in the eyes, puffiness, bruises around the eyes. But these phenomena quickly pass, and after 2 weeks the patient feels well. The full effect of the operation can be seen in 1-2 months.

After the operation, during the month it is necessary to limit physical activities, to refuse to visit the bath, swimming pool, stay in the sun without goggles. It is recommended to sleep on a high pillow and reduce the time watching TV.

Classical blepharoplasty of the lower eyelids: features of the operation

Indications for blepharoplasty of the lower eyelids with a cut on the skin:

• bags under the eyes;
• deep and mimic wrinkles;
• flabbiness of the skin;
• century sagging.

In contrast to the operation with cuts on the conjunctiva, the classical method is carried out on the mobile and stationary centuries. With the help of incisions on the skin of the eyelids, you can remove excess skin, fix the eye incision.

Preparatory procedures are standard and include specialist examination and testing. After discussing with the surgeon the details of the operation and postoperative care , the doctor makes recommendations on preparing for the procedure.

How is the classical blepharoplasty of the lower eyelids?

The operation is performed under general anesthesia. The doctor makes markings of future incisions on the eyelids, then cuts the skin with a scalpel or a laser, slightly retreating from the edge of the eyelashes. зоне. Through the incision, it removes excess fatty tissue or redistributes it in the periorbital zone. Excess skin is clipped. After all the manipulations, the doctor stitches with self-absorbing material. The average duration of the procedure is from 40 minutes to 1.5 hours.

The rehabilitation period is quite mild, subject to the requirements of the doctor. The first two weeks may experience swelling, hematoma. For better healing and healing of sutures, the use of special ointments and physiotherapy is recommended.

Possible complications:

• Inversion of the lower eyelid . Such a defect may occur if the surgeon incorrectly made the calculations and excise too much skin.
• Conjunctivitis . Manifested in the case of infection during surgery or in the postoperative period.
• Change the cut eyes . Aesthetic defect may occur due to incorrect calculations of the surgeon.
• The divergence of the seams . Most often due to injury or non-compliance with the rules of eye care during the recovery period.
• Teariness . Occurs due to the displacement and constriction of the tear ducts.
• Scars . Scar scarring is most often associated with the patient’s connective tissue characteristics.
• Cyst formation on the suture line . This phenomenon usually resolves on its own, but may require the help of a doctor who will remove the education.

After 3-4 weeks, you can give a first assessment of the rejuvenation procedure. The result of classical blepharoplasty of the lower eyelids becomes more apparent after several months, when the tissues finally heal. Blepharoplasty on the lower eyelid is often combined with correction of the upper eyelid or other areas of the face. In this case, the effect of plastic surgery is more stunning.

What are the types of blepharoplasty:

• lower eyelid;
• upper eyelid;
• circular (mobile and motionless eyelids);
• plastic to correct the Asian cut;
• correction of the lowered corners of the eyes (canthopexy).

The price of lower eyelid blepharoplasty varies from 8,000 to 70,000 rubles. It depends on such factors as: the severity of the defect, the method and type of correction, the cost of anesthesia, the qualifications of the surgeon, and a number of others. So, in Moscow, the lower threshold of the price for lower traditional blepharoplasty is from 8030 rubles, for lower fat-preserving blepharoplasty - from 20,000 rubles.

The choice of a clinic and a plastic surgeon is a crucial task. It is useful to read reviews of patients about local medical institutions and practicing surgeons.